Knapp, SThe Tomato Genome Consortium (TGC)2020-03-302020-03-302012-05-302020-01-12Sato, S., Tabata, S., Hirakawa, H. et al. The tomato genome sequence provides insights into fleshy fruit evolution. Nature 485, 635–641 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature111190028-083610.1038/nature11119http://hdl.handle.net/10141/622668Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a major crop plant and a model system for fruit development. Solanum is one of the largest angiosperm genera1 and includes annual and perennial plants from diverse habitats. Here we present a high-quality genome sequence of domesticated tomato, a draft sequence of its closest wild relative, Solanum pimpinellifolium2, and compare them to each other and to the potato genome (Solanum tuberosum). The two tomato genomes show only 0.6% nucleotide divergence and signs of recent admixture, but show more than 8% divergence from potato, with nine large and several smaller inversions. In contrast to Arabidopsis, but similar to soybean, tomato and potato small RNAs map predominantly to gene-rich chromosomal regions, including gene promoters. The Solanum lineage has experienced two consecutive genome triplications: one that is ancient and shared with rosids, and a more recent one. These triplications set the stage for the neofunctionalization of genes controlling fruit characteristics, such as colour and fleshiness.enopenAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/Journal Article1476-4687Nature4857400635 - 641Developmental biologyFruitingGenome evolutionPlant genetics