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Assessment of the genetic relationship between Dictyocaulus species from Bos taurus and Cervus elaphus using complete mitochondrial genomic datasets
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2012-10-30
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2020-03-04
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Dictyocaulus (Nematoda: Strongylida)
Lungworms
Dictyocaulosis
Cattle
Deer
Mitochondrial genome
Systematics
Epidemiology
Lungworms
Dictyocaulosis
Cattle
Deer
Mitochondrial genome
Systematics
Epidemiology
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Abstract
Background: Dictyocaulus species are strongylid nematodes of major veterinary significance in ruminants, such as
cattle and cervids, and cause serious bronchitis or pneumonia (dictyocaulosis or “husk”). There has been ongoing
controversy surrounding the validity of some Dictyocaulus species and their host specificity. Here, we sequenced
and characterized the mitochondrial (mt) genomes of Dictyocaulus viviparus (from Bos taurus) with Dictyocaulus sp.
cf. eckerti from red deer (Cervus elaphus), used mt datasets to assess the genetic relationship between these and
related parasites, and predicted markers for future population genetic or molecular epidemiological studies.
Methods: The mt genomes were amplified from single adult males of D. viviparus and Dictyocaulus sp. cf. eckerti
(from red deer) by long-PCR, sequenced using 454-technology and annotated using bioinformatic tools. Amino
acid sequences inferred from individual genes of each of the two mt genomes were compared, concatenated and
subjected to phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference (BI), also employing data for other strongylids for
comparative purposes.
Results: The circular mt genomes were 13,310 bp (D. viviparus) and 13,296 bp (Dictyocaulus sp. cf. eckerti) in size,
and each contained 12 protein-encoding, 22 transfer RNA and 2 ribosomal RNA genes, consistent with other
strongylid nematodes sequenced to date. Sliding window analysis identified genes with high or low levels of
nucleotide diversity between the mt genomes. At the predicted mt proteomic level, there was an overall sequence
difference of 34.5% between D. viviparus and Dictyocaulus sp. cf. eckerti, and amino acid sequence variation within
each species was usually much lower than differences between species. Phylogenetic analysis of the concatenated
amino acid sequence data for all 12 mt proteins showed that both D. viviparus and Dictyocaulus sp. cf. eckerti were
closely related, and grouped to the exclusion of selected members of the superfamilies Metastrongyloidea,
Trichostrongyloidea, Ancylostomatoidea and Strongyloidea.
Conclusions: Consistent with previous findings for nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence data, the present analyses
indicate that Dictyocaulus sp. cf. eckerti (red deer) and D. viviparus are separate species. Barcodes in the two mt
genomes and proteomes should serve as markers for future studies of the population genetics and/or
epidemiology of these and related species of Dictyocaulus.
Citation
Gasser, R.B., Jabbar, A., Mohandas, N. et al. Assessment of the genetic relationship between Dictyocaulus species from Bos taurus and Cervus elaphus using complete mitochondrial genomic datasets. Parasites Vectors 5, 241 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-5-241
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This article is published under license to BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The attached file is the published pdf.
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1756-3305